A+
A + is a programming language, a dialect of the APL language but with extensions. Arthur Whitney developed the “A” part of A +, while other developers at Morgan Stanley expanded it, adding graphical interface and other language features. A + has been designed for applications that use number boards intensively, such as financial applications. A + runs on many variants of Unix, including Linux. A + is a high-level, interactive, interpreted language. A + is licensed under the GNU General Public License.
ActionScript
The programming language for Flash is ActionScript. With ActionScript, you can write instructions to control the elements of the Flash presentation. For example, you can add instructions to the buttons to turn animation on and off, to change the color and size of an object; or you can create objects, text and animations in the Flash presentation, using ActionScript code. ActionScript is an object-oriented programming language used primarily for developing functionality within Adobe Flash animations by generating files with the .swf extension running in Adobe Flash Player.
It was originally developed by Macromedia and now belongs to Adobe, which acquired Macromedia in 2005. The programming language is based on the ECMA standard. It was created for drawing and controlling 2D vector animations, but over time it has also developed complex web applications or even games. It is a derivative of HyperTalk, the HyperCard scripting language.
– ActionScript 1.0 – the first version of the language, designed for script development in .SWF format.
– ActionScript 2.0 – is an improved language that also supports OOP. This language version can also compile scripts written in ActionScript 1.0. With the new language version, the code/application can have a more complex and much better-organized architecture. OOP programming in ActionScript is an alignment to the new standards in programming.
– ActionScript 3.0 – appeared in 2006, representing a complete reorganization of this language.
Ada
Ada is a programming language designed using Pascal as a template, following the evaluation of a large number of programming languages, of which Pascal won. Ada is the mandatory language required by the Pentagon for software projects of the US Department of Defense.
It is named after Augusta Ada Byron, Countess of Lovelace, the daughter of Lord Byron and the assistant of Charles Babbage, who is considered the world’s first programmer.
For 9 months, between 1842–43, Lovelace translated an article by Italian mathematician Luigi Menabrea, about Charles Babbage’s car, called “The Analytical Engine“. “She added several pages to the article’s translation, explaining the difficulty of the machine’s function. they explained how the new car was different from the different car. Her work was appreciated at that time. Scientist Michael Faraday supported his work. Because of this work, Lovelace is considered the first programmer of all time, and her work is considered the first computer program.
The language is oriented towards modular programming, it has a great elasticity in terms of data types, it brings a new approach for dealing with program exceptions. Multitasking mechanisms are called rendezvous. Implementations on various architectures are also accompanied by programming engineering tools.
Particular efforts were made for standardization, the norm in force being Ada 95. The extremely large and costly project that led to the elaboration and implementation of this language as well as the ambition to achieve a language suitable for any type of applications make Ada sometimes considered “PL/I of the 1980s“.